Eileen Fitzpatrick
Montclair State University

Despite the seeming anachronism, the world wide web provides wonderful resources on the English of Anglo-Saxon and Medieval England, as well as later periods. Sites that contain audio files are especially helpful, as well as enjoyable. These are marked with as [A] below.

Background.

Indo-European
Bilingual dictionaries from English to Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, and German

British History, from 4000 BCE to the 20th Century

Anglo-Saxon Language and Culture.

Beowulf Resources, bibliography, manuscripts, etc.

The Electronic Beowulf. web guide to the CD-ROMs containing Beowulf manuscript images and text.

Readings from Beowulf. [A]

Anglo-Saxon Culture

Old English, an online course in Old English from the University of Calgary, with speech samples and OE "hypertexts" that allow you to click on any word to get a PDE translation.

Anglo-Saxon England, A Guide to Online Resources. Some of the links are dead, but most are very good, including Anglo-Saxon texts and images of these texts.

English Runes at the Norwegian Computing Centre for the Humanities.

The Ruthwell (Runic) Cross and The Dream of the Rood A beautiful site, with full text of the poem in Old English, Modern English and Runic as well as images of the cross.

Middle English and Medieval England.

Engelond: Resources for 14th Century English Studies. Very well organized guide to Chaucerian and other medieval English literature. [A]

Early Modern English and Renaissance England.

The Great Vowel Shift. A good account of the GVS with audio reading of Chaucer and of words whose pronunciation changed. [A]

The Great Vowel Shift. An excellent demonstration of the GVS with both audio and visual tracking of each stage of the shift. [A]

Modern English.

The Changing Language.

Psalm 23 in Middle English. Contains the psalm in several dialects of Middle English from 1250 to 1400 C.E.

Boethius' The Former Age: English Versions across the Centuries.